The Art-Music, Literature and Linguistics Forum
March 28, 2024, 10:59:53 am
Welcome, Guest. Please login or register.
Did you miss your activation email?

Login with username, password and session length
News: Here you may discover hundreds of little-known composers, hear thousands of long-forgotten compositions, contribute your own rare recordings, and discuss the Arts, Literature and Linguistics in an erudite and decorous atmosphere full of freedom and delight.
 
  Home Help Search Gallery Staff List Login Register  

French

Pages: [1]   Go Down
  Print  
Author Topic: French  (Read 31 times)
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
Admin
Administrator
Level 8
*****

Times thanked: 53
Offline Offline

Posts: 4087


View Profile
« on: August 11, 2022, 09:19:20 am »

Colloquial French Grammar: A Practical Guide

by Rodney Ball

The grammatical patterns of languages often vary according to such factors as the formality of the situation in which a discourse or conversation is taking place, the social background of the speakers, or the medium being used (speech or writing). For example in English we weren't there, with not contracted to n't, is characteristic of spoken language, where it is appropriate in all but the most formal situations. We wasn't there is also 'colloquial', but has strong associations with working-class or uneducated usage. We were not there is more characteristic of written texts, and usually creates a 'stilted' effect in conversation (unless not is emphasized).

Similar differences exist in French, and they are the subject of this book. Je ne comprends pas (with ne and pas) is normal in writing and occurs in some spoken usage too. But in much everyday conversation, negatives are formed with pas only (je comprends pas). Other colloquial forms are stigmatized as 'uneducated' or 'lower-class': j'ai rentré (as opposed to je suis rentré), for example, is socially marked, just like we wasn't.

These three dimensions of variation (speech versus writing, formality/informality of situation, social level of speaker) need to be carefully distinguished, even though they do overlap to a considerable extent.

Download:
https://ulozto.net/file/Db8u1WLTcYGQ/collfrengra-rar

The password is "again".

Report Spam   Logged

Share on Facebook Share on Twitter


Pages: [1]   Go Up
  Print  
 
Jump to:  

Powered by EzPortal
Bookmark this site! | Upgrade This Forum
SMF For Free - Create your own Forum


Powered by SMF | SMF © 2016, Simple Machines
Privacy Policy